Non-woven fabrics are the youngest and most promising emerging field in the textile industry. my country's non-woven industry started late, but it has developed rapidly. In the early stage of development, non-woven fabrics were mainly used in the clothing industry as accessories. With the rapid development of social economy and science and technology, new products and new technologies of non-woven fabrics are emerging in an endless stream, changing with each passing day, and the scope of application is becoming wider and wider.
The exact name of non-woven fabrics should be non-woven fabrics, or non-woven fabrics. my country's national standard GB/T5709-1997 "Textile Nonwovens Terminology" defines nonwovens as: oriented or randomly arranged fibers, made by friction, cohesion, or adhesion, or a combination of these methods. Sheets, webs, or batts, excluding paper, woven, knitted, tufted, and wet-rolled felts.
Because it is a fabric that does not require spinning and weaving, it just orients or randomly arranges textile staple fibers or filaments to form a web structure, which is then reinforced by mechanical, thermal bonding or chemical methods.
Classification of non-woven fabrics
Non-woven fabrics break through the traditional textile principle, and have the characteristics of short process flow, fast production speed, high output, low cost, wide application, and many sources of raw materials. It is a new generation of environmentally friendly materials. Combustion-supporting, non-toxic and non-irritating, rich in color and so on.
The fibers used in the production of non-woven fabrics are mainly polypropylene (PP) and polyester (PET). In addition, there are nylon (PA), viscose, acrylic, ethylene (HDPE), and vinyl (PVC).
According to the application requirements: non-woven fabrics are divided into two categories: disposable application type and durable type.
According to the production process is divided into:
1 Spunlace non-woven fabric: The spunlace process is to spray high-pressure fine water flow onto one or more layers of fiber webs, so that the fibers are entangled with each other, so that the fiber webs can be reinforced and have a certain strength.
2 Heat-bonded non-woven fabrics: Heat-bonded non-woven fabrics refer to adding fibrous or powdery hot-melt bonding reinforcement materials to the fiber web, and the fiber web is then heated, melted, cooled, and reinforced into cloth.
3 Pulp air-laid non-woven fabrics: Air-laid non-woven fabrics can also be called clean paper and dry-laid non-woven fabrics. It uses the air-laid technology to open the wood pulp fiberboard into a single fiber state, and then uses the air-laid method to condense the fibers on the web-forming curtain, and the fiber web is then reinforced into a cloth.
4 Wet-laid non-woven fabric: Wet-laid non-woven fabric is to open the fiber raw materials placed in the water medium into single fibers, and at the same time mix different fiber raw materials to make fiber suspension pulp. In the wet state, it is formed into a web and then reinforced into a cloth.
5 Spunbond non-woven fabric: Spunbond non-woven fabric is after the polymer has been extruded and stretched to form continuous filaments, the filaments are laid into a web, and the fiber web is then self-bonded, thermally bonded, chemically bonded. Combination or mechanical reinforcement methods to turn the web into a non-woven fabric.
6 Melt-blown non-woven fabric: The process of melt-blown non-woven fabric: polymer feeding---melt extrusion---fiber formation---fiber cooling---forming web---reinforcing into cloth.
7 Needle-punched non-woven fabrics: Needle-punched non-woven fabrics are a kind of dry-laid non-woven fabrics. Needle-punched non-woven fabrics use the puncture effect of puncturing needles to reinforce fluffy fiber webs into cloth.
8 Stitch-bonded non-woven fabrics: Stitch-bonded non-woven fabrics are a kind of dry-laid non-woven fabrics. The stitch-bonding method uses the warp-knitted coil structure to fabricate fiber webs, yarn layers, non-woven materials (such as plastic sheets, plastic thin metals, etc.) foil, etc.) or a combination thereof to be reinforced to make a non-woven fabric.
9 Hydrophilic non-woven fabrics: mainly used in the production of medical and sanitary materials to achieve better hand feel and not scratch the skin. For example, sanitary napkins and sanitary pads use the hydrophilic function of hydrophilic non-woven fabrics.
